Now that you know the absolute basics of using a computer, it's time to learn more about your computer's operating system (OS). We'll be talking about the two most common operating systems in this lesson: Microsoft Windows.
Watch the video below to learn the basics of using Windows.
Getting to know the interface
PCs use a graphical user interface (GUI), and they each have their own look and feel. The interactives below will introduce you to the Windows interfaces.
Click the buttons in the interactive below to learn more about the Windows interface.
Recycle Bin
Deleted files are temporarily stored here. You can recover them or empty the bin to permanently delete them.
Desktop Folders & Files
Keep frequently used files and folders right on your desktop for quick and easy access.
Desktop Background
This is your main digital workspace. You can personalize this area by changing the background wallpaper.
Window Title Bar
Click and drag this bar to move the window around your screen. It also displays the name of the folder currently open.
Start Button
Click here to open the Start Menu, where you can search for apps, access settings, and shut down your computer.
The Taskbar
This bar runs across the bottom of the screen, helping you manage your active tasks and switch between open programs.
Pinned Apps
You can pin your favorite programs (like web browsers) directly to the taskbar so they are always just one click away.
System Tray & Action Center
Check the current date and time, adjust your volume and network settings, and view system notifications here.
All about your Computer's File System
No matter which operating system you use, your computer uses folders to organize all of the different files and applications it contains. Folder icons on your computer are designed to look like file folders full of documents or pictures.
Each operating system has its own file system, which helps you find your folders and files. If you have a Windows PC, you'll use the File Explorer (also known as Windows Explorer). Here, we'll talk about the basic functions that are common to all computer file systems.
To learn more about PC file systems, take a look at the Working with Files lesson in our Windows Basics tutorial.
Opening your Computer's File System
Whether you're using a PC, the file system icon will be on the toolbar. On a PC, the File Explorer icon looks like a folder, as in the image below.
In both operating systems, you can also open the file system by clicking a folder from your desktop.
Basic Navigation
Whether you're using File Explorer or Finder, basic navigation will work the same way. If you see the file you want, you can double-click it with your mouse. Otherwise, you can use the Navigation pane on the left side of the window to select a different location.
Deleting Files
Windows use a Recycle Bin—to prevent you from accidentally deleting files. When you delete a file, it is moved to the Trash can. If you change your mind, you can move the file back to its original location.
If you want to permanently delete the file, you will need to empty the Trash or Recycle Bin. To do this, right-click the icon and select Empty.
Opening Files and Applications
Each application on your computer has a group of file types—or formats—it is able to open. When you double-click a file, your computer will automatically use the correct application to open it. In our example, we're opening a Microsoft Word document (Cover Letter), which will open in Microsoft Word.
However, there may be times you may want to open an application directly, instead of just opening a file.
- To open an application in Windows, click the Start button, then select the desired application. If you don't see the one you want, you can click All Programs/All Apps to see a full list, scroll through the application list in Windows 10, or simply type the name of the application on your keyboard to search for it.
- In Windows 11, click the Start button, then select Settings.
- To shut down Windows, click the Start button, then select Shut down from the menu (in some versions, this may say Turn Off Computer or look like the power symbol).
Adjusting your Computer's Settings
When you start using a new computer, you may want to begin by adjusting the computer's settings. Adjusting your settings can range from simple tasks such as changing your desktop background to more advanced tasks like adjusting your security or keyboard settings.
Shutting Down your Computer
When you're done using your computer, it's important to shut it down properly.
FAQs
What is Windows?
Windows is an operating system developed by Microsoft. It is used on many computers from brands like Dell, HP, and Lenovo, and allows users to run applications and manage files easily.
What is a GUI?
GUI stands for Graphical User Interface. It allows you to interact with the computer using icons, menus, and a mouse instead of typing commands.
Why do I have to empty the Recycle Bin?
Deleted files are stored in the Recycle Bin temporarily. To permanently delete them and free up storage space, you must empty the Recycle Bin.
How do I find a lost program on my computer?
Click the Start button and type the program name in the search bar. Windows will quickly locate it for you.
Why shouldn't I just unplug my computer to turn it off?
Unplugging the computer can cause data loss and system damage. Always use the proper "Shut Down" option to safely close programs.
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