Introduction to Formulas in Microsoft Excel 2016

Microsoft Excel 2016 is more than just a spreadsheet tool — it’s a smart calculator that helps you perform calculations automatically. By using formulas, you can easily add, subtract, multiply, divide, or even work with advanced math functions. Once you learn how to use formulas, your data management becomes faster, more accurate, and dynamic.

What is a Formula in Excel?

A formula is a statement in Excel that performs a calculation. Every formula starts with an equals sign (=). This tells Excel that what follows is a formula and not plain text or a number.

For example, typing =10+5 in a cell will show the result 15 after you press Enter.

Basic Mathematical Operators in Excel

Excel uses simple symbols to perform mathematical operations. Here’s a quick list:

• + for addition (e.g., =A1+B1)
• - for subtraction (e.g., =A1-B1)
• * for multiplication (e.g., =A1*B1)
• / for division (e.g., =A1/B1)
• ^ for exponents (e.g., =A1^2)

Using Cell References in Formulas

Instead of typing numbers directly, you can use cell references like A1 or B2. This makes formulas dynamic. If the value in a referenced cell changes, Excel automatically updates the result.

Example: If you type =A1+A2 in cell A3, Excel adds the values from A1 and A2. Change any number in A1 or A2, and A3 updates instantly.

Step-by-Step: How to Create a Formula

• Step 1: Select the cell where you want the result to appear.
• Step 2: Type an equals sign (=) to start the formula.
• Step 3: Click the first cell or type its reference (e.g., D10).
• Step 4: Type an operator like +, -, *, or /.
• Step 5: Click the second cell (e.g., D11).
• Step 6: Press Enter. Excel will calculate and display the result.

If you see ####### instead of a number, your column might be too narrow. Just widen it to fix the display.

Editing a Formula

Made a mistake? No worries. You can edit it easily:

• Click the cell with the formula.
• Click inside the formula bar or double-click the cell.
• Make the changes you need.
• Press Enter to update it.

To cancel changes, press Esc.

Using the Point-and-Click Method

You don’t have to type cell references manually. You can just click the cells while creating your formula. It’s faster and reduces typing errors.

• Click the cell where the result should appear.
• Type =.
• Click the first cell.
• Type an operator like + or *.
• Click the next cell.
• Press Enter.

Copying Formulas Using the Fill Handle

The fill handle helps you copy formulas quickly. It’s the small square at the bottom-right corner of a selected cell.

• Click the cell with the formula.
• Hover over the fill handle until your cursor changes to a plus sign (+).
• Drag it over the cells you want to copy the formula to.
• Release the mouse. Excel copies and adjusts the formula automatically.

Show All Formulas in a Worksheet

Sometimes, you may want to see all the formulas at once. Simply press Ctrl + ` (grave accent) on your keyboard. Press it again to return to the normal view.

5 FAQs of Intro to Formulas in Microsoft Excel 2016

Conclusion

Formulas are the heart of Excel. They help you perform calculations and analyze data easily. Once you understand how to create, edit, and copy formulas, you’ll save time and reduce mistakes. Practice with simple formulas first, and soon you’ll handle even complex ones with confidence!